Close-up of avocado toasts topped with fresh tomatoes and mushrooms, a healthy vegan snack.

15 Easy Meal Prep Ideas For Moms

Meal prep can feel overwhelming, especially for busy moms juggling a million tasks. Simplifying dinner doesn’t have to be a hassle! Here are 15 easy meal prep ideas that save time and keep the family happy, proving that quick and tasty can go hand in hand.

Pasta Salad with Cherry Tomatoes

A bowl of pasta salad with cherry tomatoes, mozzarella balls, and fresh basil on a wooden table.

This pasta salad is a delightful mix of flavors and textures. The bright red cherry tomatoes pop against the creamy mozzarella balls, making it not only tasty but also visually appealing. Fresh basil adds a fragrant touch, while the pasta serves as a hearty base. Perfect for meal prep, this dish can be enjoyed cold or at room temperature, making it a versatile choice for busy moms.

Making this salad is a breeze. Start by cooking your favorite pasta until al dente. While it cools, halve the cherry tomatoes and mozzarella balls. Toss everything together with fresh basil and a simple dressing of olive oil, salt, and pepper. This dish is not just easy to prepare; it’s also a crowd-pleaser!

Ingredients

  • 8 ounces pasta (like fusilli or rotini)
  • 1 cup cherry tomatoes, halved
  • 1 cup mozzarella balls
  • 1/4 cup fresh basil, chopped
  • 3 tablespoons olive oil
  • Salt and pepper to taste

Instructions

  1. Cook the pasta according to package instructions. Drain and let it cool.
  2. In a large bowl, combine the cooled pasta, cherry tomatoes, mozzarella balls, and basil.
  3. Drizzle with olive oil and season with salt and pepper. Toss gently to combine.
  4. Serve immediately or refrigerate for later. Enjoy!

Overnight Oats with Berries

A jar of overnight oats topped with blueberries and raspberries on a wooden table.

Overnight oats are a fantastic meal prep option for busy moms. They are simple to make and can be customized to fit your family’s taste. The image shows a jar filled with creamy oats, topped with fresh blueberries and raspberries. This colorful presentation makes breakfast not only nutritious but also visually appealing.

To prepare overnight oats, you only need a few ingredients. Combine rolled oats with your choice of milk, yogurt, and sweetener. Let it sit overnight in the fridge, and in the morning, just add your favorite fruits and nuts. It’s that easy!

This recipe is perfect for those hectic mornings when you need something quick. Plus, the berries add a burst of flavor and antioxidants. You can also switch up the toppings based on what you have on hand. Whether it’s bananas, nuts, or a drizzle of honey, the options are endless.

Ingredients

  • 1 cup rolled oats
  • 2 cups milk (dairy or non-dairy)
  • 1/2 cup yogurt (optional)
  • 2 tablespoons honey or maple syrup
  • 1/2 teaspoon vanilla extract
  • 1 cup mixed berries (blueberries, raspberries, strawberries)
  • 1/4 cup nuts or seeds (optional)

Instructions

  1. In a bowl or jar, mix rolled oats, milk, yogurt, honey, and vanilla extract until well combined.
  2. Cover and refrigerate overnight.
  3. In the morning, stir the oats and add a splash of milk if needed for a creamier texture.
  4. Top with fresh berries and nuts before serving.
  5. Enjoy your delicious and healthy breakfast!

Baked Salmon with Asparagus

Baked salmon with asparagus and lemon slices on a white plate

Baked salmon with asparagus is a fantastic meal prep option for busy moms. This dish is not only easy to prepare but also packed with nutrients. The salmon is rich in omega-3 fatty acids, while asparagus adds a healthy crunch. Together, they create a balanced meal that the whole family will enjoy.

To make this dish, start by seasoning the salmon fillets with salt, pepper, and a squeeze of fresh lemon juice. The lemon adds a bright flavor that complements the fish perfectly. Place the salmon on a baking sheet lined with parchment paper. Next, arrange fresh asparagus spears alongside the salmon. Drizzle everything with olive oil and sprinkle with herbs like dill or parsley for extra flavor.

Pop the baking sheet in the oven, and in about 15-20 minutes, you’ll have a delicious meal ready to go. This dish is great for meal prep as it can be stored in the fridge and reheated easily. Pair it with some brown rice or quinoa for a complete meal.

Ingredients

  • 2 salmon fillets
  • 1 bunch of asparagus
  • 2 tablespoons olive oil
  • 1 lemon, sliced
  • Salt and pepper to taste
  • Fresh herbs (like dill or parsley)

Instructions

  1. Preheat the oven to 400°F (200°C).
  2. Line a baking sheet with parchment paper.
  3. Place the salmon fillets on the baking sheet and season with salt, pepper, and lemon juice.
  4. Arrange the asparagus around the salmon and drizzle with olive oil.
  5. Top with lemon slices and sprinkle fresh herbs over everything.
  6. Bake for 15-20 minutes, or until the salmon is cooked through and flakes easily with a fork.
  7. Serve warm and enjoy!

One-Pan Chicken and Veggies

A colorful one-pan chicken and veggies dish with chicken breasts, potatoes, carrots, and green beans.

One-Pan Chicken and Veggies is a fantastic meal prep idea for busy moms. This dish is not only easy to make, but it also minimizes cleanup, which is a huge plus when you’re juggling a million things at once. The vibrant colors of the chicken, carrots, potatoes, and green beans make it visually appealing and appetizing.

To prepare this dish, simply season the chicken and toss it with your favorite vegetables. Everything cooks together in one pan, allowing the flavors to blend beautifully. This recipe is perfect for meal prepping, as you can portion it out for the week ahead.

Here’s how to make it:

Ingredients

  • 4 chicken breasts
  • 2 cups baby potatoes, halved
  • 2 cups carrots, sliced
  • 2 cups green beans, trimmed
  • 3 tablespoons olive oil
  • 1 teaspoon garlic powder
  • 1 teaspoon onion powder
  • Salt and pepper to taste
  • Fresh parsley for garnish

Instructions

  1. Preheat your oven to 400°F (200°C).
  2. In a large bowl, combine the chicken breasts, baby potatoes, carrots, and green beans.
  3. Drizzle with olive oil and sprinkle with garlic powder, onion powder, salt, and pepper. Toss everything until well coated.
  4. Spread the mixture evenly on a baking sheet.
  5. Bake for 25-30 minutes, or until the chicken is cooked through and the vegetables are tender.
  6. Garnish with fresh parsley before serving.

Quinoa Salad with Black Beans

A bowl of quinoa salad with black beans, corn, and colorful bell peppers.

Quinoa salad with black beans is a colorful and nutritious dish that’s perfect for meal prep. This salad is packed with protein, fiber, and a variety of fresh veggies. It’s not only easy to make but also keeps well in the fridge, making it a great option for busy moms.

The vibrant mix of black beans, corn, and bell peppers creates a delightful crunch. Plus, quinoa adds a nutty flavor that ties everything together. You can enjoy it as a side or a main dish, and it’s versatile enough to customize with your favorite ingredients.

Here’s how to make this delicious quinoa salad:

Ingredients

  • 1 cup quinoa
  • 2 cups water or vegetable broth
  • 1 can (15 oz) black beans, rinsed and drained
  • 1 cup corn (fresh, frozen, or canned)
  • 1 red bell pepper, diced
  • 1 green bell pepper, diced
  • 1/4 cup chopped fresh cilantro
  • 1/4 cup olive oil
  • 2 tablespoons lime juice
  • 1 teaspoon cumin
  • Salt and pepper to taste

Instructions

  1. Rinse the quinoa under cold water. In a medium saucepan, combine quinoa and water or broth. Bring to a boil, then reduce heat to low, cover, and simmer for about 15 minutes or until the quinoa is fluffy and the liquid is absorbed.
  2. In a large bowl, combine the cooked quinoa, black beans, corn, bell peppers, and cilantro.
  3. In a small bowl, whisk together olive oil, lime juice, cumin, salt, and pepper. Pour the dressing over the salad and toss to combine.
  4. Chill the salad in the refrigerator for at least 30 minutes before serving to let the flavors meld.
  5. Enjoy your quinoa salad as a refreshing meal prep option throughout the week!

Turkey and Spinach Stuffed Peppers

Colorful stuffed peppers filled with turkey and spinach on a plate.

Turkey and spinach stuffed peppers are a fantastic meal prep option for busy moms. These colorful peppers are not only visually appealing but also packed with nutrients. The combination of ground turkey and fresh spinach creates a delicious and healthy filling that everyone will love.

To make these stuffed peppers, start by selecting vibrant bell peppers. Red, yellow, or orange peppers work best for a sweet flavor. The filling is simple: mix cooked ground turkey with sautéed spinach, garlic, and a sprinkle of cheese. This mixture is then spooned into the hollowed-out peppers and baked until tender.

This dish is perfect for meal prep. You can make a batch at the beginning of the week and store them in the fridge. They reheat well, making them a quick and easy dinner option on busy nights.

Ingredients

  • 4 large bell peppers (any color)
  • 1 pound ground turkey
  • 2 cups fresh spinach, chopped
  • 1 cup cooked rice (optional)
  • 1 cup shredded cheese (mozzarella or cheddar)
  • 1 small onion, diced
  • 2 cloves garlic, minced
  • 1 teaspoon Italian seasoning
  • Salt and pepper to taste

Instructions

  1. Preheat the oven to 375°F (190°C).
  2. Cut the tops off the bell peppers and remove the seeds. Place them upright in a baking dish.
  3. In a skillet, sauté the onion and garlic until soft. Add the ground turkey and cook until browned.
  4. Stir in the chopped spinach and cooked rice (if using). Season with Italian seasoning, salt, and pepper.
  5. Remove from heat and mix in half of the cheese.
  6. Stuff the mixture into the prepared peppers, pressing down gently. Top with the remaining cheese.
  7. Bake for 25-30 minutes, until the peppers are tender and the cheese is bubbly.
  8. Let cool slightly before serving. Enjoy!

Vegetable Stir-Fry with Tofu

A colorful vegetable stir-fry with tofu featuring bell peppers and green peas.

Vegetable stir-fry with tofu is a colorful and nutritious dish that’s perfect for busy moms. It’s quick to prepare and packed with vitamins. The vibrant mix of bell peppers, green peas, and tofu makes it not only healthy but also visually appealing.

This dish is versatile. You can swap in your favorite vegetables or whatever you have on hand. It’s a great way to use up leftovers and keep meals exciting. Plus, tofu is a fantastic source of protein, making this meal satisfying for the whole family.

To make it even easier, you can prep the veggies in advance. Just chop everything up and store them in the fridge. When it’s time to cook, toss them in a hot pan with tofu and your favorite sauce. Dinner will be ready in no time!

Ingredients

  • 1 block of firm tofu, drained and cubed
  • 1 red bell pepper, sliced
  • 1 yellow bell pepper, sliced
  • 1 green bell pepper, sliced
  • 1 cup green peas
  • 2 tablespoons soy sauce
  • 1 tablespoon olive oil
  • 1 teaspoon garlic, minced
  • 1 teaspoon ginger, minced
  • Salt and pepper to taste

Instructions

  1. Prepare the Tofu: Press the tofu to remove excess moisture. Cut it into cubes.
  2. Heat the Oil: In a large pan, heat olive oil over medium-high heat.
  3. Add Tofu: Add the tofu cubes and cook until golden brown on all sides, about 5-7 minutes.
  4. Add Vegetables: Toss in the sliced bell peppers and green peas. Stir-fry for about 3-4 minutes until the veggies are tender-crisp.
  5. Add Flavor: Stir in minced garlic and ginger, then pour in the soy sauce. Mix well and cook for another 2 minutes.
  6. Season: Add salt and pepper to taste. Serve hot over rice or noodles.

Greek Yogurt Parfaits

Greek yogurt parfaits with layers of yogurt, granola, and fresh berries

Greek yogurt parfaits are a fantastic meal prep option for busy moms. They are quick to make and can be customized to fit any taste. The image shows beautiful layers of creamy Greek yogurt, crunchy granola, and fresh berries. This colorful treat is not only pleasing to the eye but also packed with nutrients.

To make these parfaits, you can use any combination of fruits you like. Strawberries, blueberries, and blackberries work wonderfully together. The granola adds a satisfying crunch, while the yogurt provides protein and creaminess. You can prepare these in advance and store them in the fridge for a quick breakfast or snack.

Here’s how to make your own Greek yogurt parfaits:

Chickpea Curry with Rice

A delicious chickpea curry served over rice with naan bread on the side.

Chickpea curry with rice is a fantastic meal prep idea for busy moms. This dish is not only easy to make but also packed with flavor and nutrition. The vibrant colors of the curry, combined with fluffy rice, make it visually appealing. Plus, it’s a great way to introduce your family to plant-based meals.

The chickpeas provide protein and fiber, while the spices add warmth and depth to the dish. You can easily customize the recipe by adding your favorite vegetables or adjusting the spice level. This meal is perfect for lunchboxes or quick dinners during the week.

Here’s how to whip up this delicious chickpea curry:

Ingredients

  • 1 can chickpeas, drained and rinsed
  • 1 cup coconut milk
  • 1 cup diced tomatoes
  • 1 onion, chopped
  • 2 cloves garlic, minced
  • 1 tablespoon curry powder
  • 1 teaspoon cumin
  • Salt and pepper to taste
  • 2 cups cooked rice
  • Fresh cilantro for garnish

Instructions

  1. In a large skillet, heat a bit of oil over medium heat. Add chopped onion and garlic, sautéing until soft.
  2. Stir in curry powder and cumin, cooking for another minute until fragrant.
  3. Add the diced tomatoes and chickpeas, mixing well. Pour in the coconut milk and bring to a simmer.
  4. Let it cook for about 10-15 minutes, stirring occasionally. Season with salt and pepper to taste.
  5. Serve the curry over cooked rice and garnish with fresh cilantro.

Egg Muffins with Veggies

A muffin tin filled with colorful egg muffins topped with diced bell peppers and onions, ready to be baked.

Egg muffins are a fantastic meal prep idea for busy moms. They are easy to make, nutritious, and can be customized to fit your family’s tastes. In the image, you can see a muffin tin filled with colorful egg mixtures, showcasing vibrant veggies like bell peppers and onions. These muffins not only look appealing but are also packed with protein and essential nutrients.

Making egg muffins is straightforward. You can whip them up in no time and store them in the fridge for quick breakfasts or snacks throughout the week. The best part is that you can mix and match your favorite vegetables, making it a versatile recipe.

Here’s how to make delicious egg muffins with veggies:

Ingredients

  • 6 large eggs
  • 1/4 cup milk
  • 1/2 cup bell peppers, diced
  • 1/4 cup red onion, diced
  • 1/4 cup spinach, chopped
  • 1/2 teaspoon salt
  • 1/4 teaspoon black pepper
  • 1/4 cup shredded cheese (optional)

Instructions

  1. Preheat your oven to 350°F (175°C) and grease a muffin tin.
  2. In a large bowl, whisk together the eggs and milk until well combined.
  3. Add the diced bell peppers, red onion, spinach, salt, and pepper to the egg mixture. Stir to combine.
  4. If using cheese, fold it into the mixture.
  5. Pour the egg mixture evenly into the muffin tin, filling each cup about 3/4 full.
  6. Bake for 18-20 minutes, or until the muffins are set and lightly golden on top.
  7. Let them cool for a few minutes before removing from the tin. Store in an airtight container in the fridge.

Lentil Soup with Crusty Bread

A bowl of lentil soup with crusty bread on a wooden table.

Lentil soup is a cozy dish that warms the heart and fills the belly. It’s packed with protein and fiber, making it a perfect meal for busy moms. The vibrant colors of the soup, with hints of red and green, make it visually appealing too. Pairing it with crusty bread adds a delightful crunch that complements the smooth texture of the soup.

This meal is not only easy to prepare but also great for meal prep. You can make a big batch and store it in the fridge or freezer for those hectic days. Just reheat and enjoy! Plus, lentils are budget-friendly, making this dish a win-win for families.

Let’s get to the recipe so you can whip up this delicious lentil soup!

Ingredients

  • 1 cup dried lentils, rinsed
  • 1 tablespoon olive oil
  • 1 onion, chopped
  • 2 carrots, diced
  • 2 celery stalks, diced
  • 2 cloves garlic, minced
  • 1 can (14.5 oz) diced tomatoes
  • 4 cups vegetable broth
  • 1 teaspoon cumin
  • 1 teaspoon thyme
  • Salt and pepper to taste
  • Fresh parsley for garnish
  • Crusty bread for serving

Instructions

  1. In a large pot, heat olive oil over medium heat. Add onion, carrots, and celery. Sauté for about 5 minutes until the vegetables are softened.
  2. Add garlic and cook for another minute until fragrant.
  3. Stir in the lentils, diced tomatoes, vegetable broth, cumin, thyme, salt, and pepper. Bring to a boil.
  4. Reduce heat and let it simmer for about 30-35 minutes, or until the lentils are tender.
  5. Adjust seasoning if needed. Serve hot, garnished with fresh parsley and alongside crusty bread.

Homemade Pizza with Fresh Toppings

Homemade pizza topped with fresh tomatoes, olives, and basil on a wooden board.

Homemade pizza is a fantastic meal prep idea for busy moms. It’s simple, fun, and allows for creativity in the kitchen. You can customize each pizza with fresh toppings that your family loves. The image shows a delicious pizza topped with vibrant tomatoes, olives, and fresh basil, all on a golden crust. This colorful combination not only looks appealing but also packs a punch of flavor.

Making pizza at home means you can control the ingredients. Use whole wheat flour for the crust or add extra veggies to the toppings. The kids can even help out, making it a family activity. Plus, you can prepare several pizzas at once and freeze them for later. Just pop one in the oven when you need a quick meal!

Ingredients

  • 2 cups all-purpose flour
  • 1 packet (2 1/4 teaspoons) active dry yeast
  • 3/4 cup warm water
  • 1 teaspoon sugar
  • 1 teaspoon salt
  • 1 tablespoon olive oil
  • 1/2 cup pizza sauce
  • 1 cup shredded mozzarella cheese
  • 1/2 cup sliced olives
  • 1/2 cup cherry tomatoes, halved
  • Fresh basil leaves for garnish

Instructions

  1. Make the Dough: In a bowl, combine warm water, sugar, and yeast. Let it sit for about 5 minutes until bubbly. Add flour, salt, and olive oil. Mix until a dough forms.
  2. Knead the Dough: Turn the dough onto a floured surface and knead for about 5-7 minutes until smooth. Place in a greased bowl, cover, and let rise for 1 hour.
  3. Preheat the Oven: Preheat your oven to 475°F (245°C).
  4. Shape the Pizza: Roll out the dough on a floured surface to your desired thickness. Transfer to a pizza stone or baking sheet.
  5. Add Sauce and Toppings: Spread pizza sauce over the dough. Sprinkle mozzarella cheese, then add olives and cherry tomatoes.
  6. Bake: Bake in the preheated oven for 12-15 minutes until the crust is golden and cheese is bubbly.
  7. Garnish: Remove from the oven and top with fresh basil leaves before slicing and serving.

Fruit and Nut Energy Bites

A plate of colorful fruit and nut energy bites with blueberries and raspberries scattered around.

Fruit and Nut Energy Bites are a fantastic snack for busy moms. They are easy to make and packed with nutrients. These little bites are perfect for a quick energy boost during the day. Plus, they can be customized with your favorite fruits and nuts!

In the image, you can see a delightful assortment of energy bites. They are round, colorful, and filled with bits of fruits like raspberries and blueberries. The combination of oats, nuts, and dried fruits makes them not only visually appealing but also delicious.

These energy bites are great for meal prep. You can make a big batch and store them in the fridge for a quick snack or a healthy dessert. They are also kid-friendly, making them a perfect choice for lunchboxes or after-school snacks.

Ingredients

  • 1 cup rolled oats
  • 1/2 cup nut butter (like almond or peanut butter)
  • 1/4 cup honey or maple syrup
  • 1/2 cup mixed dried fruits (like raisins, cranberries, or chopped apricots)
  • 1/4 cup chopped nuts (like almonds or walnuts)
  • 1/4 cup mini chocolate chips (optional)
  • 1 teaspoon vanilla extract
  • Pinch of salt

Instructions

  1. Mix Ingredients: In a large bowl, combine rolled oats, nut butter, honey, dried fruits, chopped nuts, chocolate chips, vanilla extract, and salt. Stir until well combined.
  2. Form Bites: Using your hands, roll the mixture into small balls, about 1 inch in diameter.
  3. Chill: Place the energy bites on a baking sheet lined with parchment paper. Refrigerate for at least 30 minutes to firm up.
  4. Store: Once chilled, transfer the bites to an airtight container. They can be stored in the fridge for up to a week.

Stuffed Zucchini Boats

Stuffed zucchini boats filled with meat and vegetables on a colorful plate.

Stuffed zucchini boats are a fun and healthy meal option that kids and adults will love. These colorful boats are filled with a delicious mixture of ground meat, veggies, and spices, making them a perfect choice for meal prep. You can customize the filling based on what your family enjoys, ensuring everyone gets a meal they’ll eat happily.

The vibrant presentation of these zucchini boats makes them appealing on any dinner table. The green zucchini contrasts beautifully with the colorful filling, making it a feast for the eyes as well as the stomach. Plus, they’re easy to make ahead of time and reheat, which is a lifesaver for busy moms!

Here’s how to whip up these tasty stuffed zucchini boats:

Ingredients

  • 4 medium zucchinis
  • 1 pound ground turkey or beef
  • 1 cup diced bell peppers
  • 1 cup diced tomatoes
  • 1 cup cooked rice or quinoa
  • 1 teaspoon garlic powder
  • 1 teaspoon onion powder
  • 1 teaspoon Italian seasoning
  • Salt and pepper to taste
  • 1 cup shredded cheese (optional)
  • Olive oil for drizzling

Instructions

  1. Preheat your oven to 375°F (190°C).
  2. Slice the zucchinis in half lengthwise and scoop out the seeds to create boats.
  3. In a skillet, heat olive oil over medium heat. Add the ground meat and cook until browned.
  4. Stir in the bell peppers, tomatoes, rice or quinoa, garlic powder, onion powder, Italian seasoning, salt, and pepper. Cook for about 5 minutes until everything is well combined.
  5. Fill each zucchini boat with the meat mixture, packing it in tightly.
  6. If using, sprinkle cheese on top of the stuffed zucchinis.
  7. Place the boats on a baking sheet and drizzle with a little olive oil.
  8. Bake for 25-30 minutes until the zucchinis are tender and the filling is heated through.
  9. Let cool slightly before serving. Enjoy your delicious stuffed zucchini boats!

Cabbage Roll Casserole

A delicious cabbage roll casserole topped with parsley, served in a baking dish.

Cabbage Roll Casserole is a comforting dish that brings the flavors of traditional cabbage rolls into an easy-to-make casserole. This meal is perfect for busy moms who want to serve something hearty without spending hours in the kitchen. The layers of cabbage, ground meat, and rice come together beautifully, making it a family favorite.

The image shows a delicious casserole, topped with fresh parsley, ready to be served. It’s warm and inviting, perfect for a cozy dinner. The vibrant colors of the dish make it look appealing, and you can almost smell the savory aroma wafting through the air.

This casserole is not only tasty but also a great way to sneak in some veggies. It’s a one-pan meal that simplifies cleanup, making it ideal for busy weeknights. Plus, it can be made ahead and stored in the fridge, so you can enjoy it later in the week.

Ingredients

  • 1 large head of cabbage
  • 1 pound ground beef or turkey
  • 1 cup cooked rice
  • 1 onion, chopped
  • 2 cloves garlic, minced
  • 1 can (15 oz) tomato sauce
  • 1 can (15 oz) diced tomatoes
  • 1 teaspoon paprika
  • 1 teaspoon salt
  • 1/2 teaspoon black pepper
  • 1 tablespoon olive oil
  • 1/4 cup fresh parsley, chopped (for garnish)

Instructions

  1. Preheat your oven to 350°F (175°C).
  2. In a large pot, bring water to a boil. Remove the core from the cabbage and carefully place the whole head in the boiling water for about 5 minutes, or until the leaves are tender. Remove and let cool.
  3. In a skillet, heat olive oil over medium heat. Add chopped onion and garlic, cooking until softened.
  4. Add ground beef or turkey to the skillet, cooking until browned. Stir in cooked rice, tomato sauce, diced tomatoes, paprika, salt, and pepper. Mix well.
  5. Once the cabbage has cooled, carefully peel off the leaves. Lay a leaf flat, add a scoop of the meat mixture, and roll it up, tucking in the sides. Repeat until all the mixture is used.
  6. In a baking dish, layer the rolled cabbage with any remaining meat mixture on top. Cover with foil and bake for 45 minutes.
  7. Remove the foil and bake for an additional 15 minutes to brown the top.
  8. Garnish with fresh parsley before serving.

Similar Posts

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *